Personal Independence Payment
This factsheet gives a basic introduction to the proposed personal independence payment (PIP). It is based on what we know so far and will be updated as we get more information.
You can find out detailed information about the current benefit system in Disability Alliance's Disability Rights Handbook, available to buy at www.disabilityalliance.org/drh36.htm
All our publications are available at www.disabilityalliance.org/shop.htm. You can also place an order by contacting Disability Alliance on 020 7247 8776 (this is not an advice line) or by fax on 020 7247 8765. All our factsheets are available at www.disabilityalliance.org/fact.htm.
What is PIP?
The personal independence payment (PIP) replaces working age disability living allowance (DLA) from 2013-14.
Part 4 of the Welfare Reform Bill 2011 currently going through Parliament contains proposals to introduce PIP.
What are the rules?
To get the personal independence payment you must:
· be age 16-65
· satisfy the daily living and/or mobility activities test for 6 months prior to claiming and to be likely to continue to satisfy this test for a period of at least 6 months after claiming.
As yet there are no plans to extend PIP to children under 16 or claimants who are over 65. However migration from DLA may apply to these groups at a later date.
Draft regulations on the daily living and mobility activities test have now been published.
How much is PIP?
Personal Independence Payment will have two components:
· daily living component
· mobility component
Each component has two rates.
· daily living component standard rate – If the person’s ability to carry out daily living activities is limited by the person’s physical or mental condition; and the person meets the required period condition.
· daily living component enhanced rate – if the person’s ability to carry out daily living activities is severely limited by the person’s physical or mental condition; and the person meets the required period condition.
· mobility component standard rate – if the person is of or over the age prescribed for the purposes of this subsection; the person’s ability to carry out mobility activities is limited by the person’s physical or mental condition; and the person meets the required period condition.
· mobility component enhanced rate - if the person is of or over the age prescribed for the purposes of this subsection; the person’s ability to carry out mobility activities is severely limited by the person’s physical or mental condition; and the person meets the required period condition.
As yet the amounts for these rates have not been set.
People with a terminal illness (same definition as for DLA) will automatically receive the daily living component enhanced rate and will not have to satisfy the period condition for the mobility component.
People in care homes, hospitals or prison will not receive PIP.
The Activities tests
In order to qualify for any component of PIP you will have score points in relation to certain activities.
The activities for daily living are:
1. planning and buying food
2. preparing and cooking food
3. taking nutrition
4. managing medication and monitoring health conditions
5. managing prescribed treatment other than medication
6. washing, bathing and grooming
7. toileting and managing incontinence
8. dressing and undressing
9. communicating with others
The mobility activities are:
1. planning and following a journey
2. moving around
As yet we do not know the points awarded for each task within these activities or how many points are required to satisfy a particular component.
Daily Living Activities
1. Planning and buying food and drink.
a. Can plan and buy food and drink unaided.
b. Can buy food and drink only with continual prompting.
c. Can plan food and drink only with continual prompting.
d. Can plan food and drink only with continual assistance.
2. Preparing and cooking.
a. Can prepare and cook a simple meal unaided.
b. Can prepare and cook a simple meal only with the use of an aid or appliance.
c. Can prepare and cook a simple meal only with continual prompting.
d. Can cook a simple meal using a conventional cooker only with continual assistance.
e. Can prepare a simple meal for cooking only with continual assistance.
f. Can cook a simple meal using a microwave only with continual assistance.
g. Can prepare a simple snack only with continual assistance.
3. Taking nutrition.
a. Can take nutrition unaided.
b. Can take nutrition only with the use of an aid or appliance.
c. Can take nutrition only with the use of a therapeutic source.
d. Can take nutrition only with intermittent assistance or prompting.
e. Can take nutrition only with the use of a therapeutic source and with intermittent assistance.
f. Can take nutrition only with continual assistance.
4. Managing medication and monitoring health conditions.
a. Does not receive medication or need to monitor a health condition; or can manage medication and monitor a health condition unaided or with the use of an aid or appliance.
b. Less than once a day requires continual assistance or prompting to manage medication or monitor a health condition.
c. Once a day, requires continual assistance or prompting to manage medication or monitor a health condition.
d. Twice a day, requires continual assistance or prompting to manage medication or monitor a health condition.
e. At least three times a day, requires continual assistance or prompting to manage medication or monitor a health condition.
5. Managing prescribed therapies other than medication.
a. Either is not prescribed therapies or can manage prescribed therapies unaided or with the use of an aid or appliance.
b. Where prescribed therapies are required for up to 3.5 hours a week can manage only with intermittent assistance.
c. Where prescribed therapies are required for between 3.5 and 7 hours a week, can manage only with intermittent assistance.
d. Where prescribed therapies are required for between 7 and 14 hours a week, can manage only with intermittent assistance.
e. Where prescribed therapies are required for at least 14 hours a week, can manage only with intermittent assistance.
6. Washing, bathing and grooming.
a. Can wash, bathe and groom unaided.
b. Can bathe unaided but can groom only with the use of an aid or appliance.
c. Can bathe unaided but can groom only with continual assistance from another person.
d. Can wash unaided but can bathe only with the use of an aid or appliance.
e. Can wash unaided but can bathe only with continual prompting.
f. Can wash unaided but can bathe only with continual assistance.
g. Can wash, bathe and groom only with continual assistance.
7. Managing Toilet needs or incontinence.
a. Can manage toilet needs or incontinence unaided.
b. Can manage toilet needs or incontinence only with the use of an aid or appliance.
c. Can manage toilet needs only with continual assistance.
d. Can manage incontinence of either bladder or bowel only with continual assistance.
e. Can manage incontinence of both bladder and bowel only with continual assistance.
8. Dressing and undressing.
a. Can dress and undress unaided.
b. Can dress and undress only with the use of an aid or appliance.
c. Can dress and undress unaided but can only select clothing appropriate for the environment or dress in the correct order with intermittentprompting.
d. Can dress and undress lower body only with intermittent assistance.
e. Can dress and undress unaided but cannot determine appropriate circumstances for remaining clothed.
f. Can dress and undress upper body only with intermittent assistance.
g. Can dress and undress only with continual assistance.
9. Communicating with others.
a. Can communicate with others unaided.
b. Can communicate only with communication support.
c. Cannot, even with communication support, understand or convey a choice to an unfamiliar person.
d. Cannot engage socially with other people due to such engagement causing either-
(i) overwhelming psychological distress to the claimant; or
(ii) the claimant to exhibit uncontrollable episodes of behaviour that would result in substantial risk of significant distress to either the claimant or another person.
e. Cannot, even with communication support, understand or convey choice to a familiar person.
f. Cannot, even with communication support, understand a simple verbal or non-verbal instruction or warning from another person.
g. Cannot, even with communication support, convey a basic need by either verbal or non-verbal means.
Mobility Activities
1. Planning and following a journey.
a. Can plan and follow a complex journey unaided.
b. Cannot follow any journey alone due to such a journey causing overwhelming psychological distress to the claimant.
c. Can follow a complex journey only–
(i) if the journey has been planned by another person; or
(ii) with the continual prompting or intermittent assistance.
d. Cannot follow any journey due to such a journey causing overwhelming psychological distress to the claimant.
e. Can follow a simple journey only -
(i) if the journey has been planned by another person; or
(ii) with the continual prompting or intermittent assistance.
2. Moving around.
a. Can move at least 200 metres unaided or with the use of a manual aid.
b. Can move at least 50 metres but not more than 200 metres either unaided or with the use of a manual aid.
c. Can move up to 50 metres unaided.
d. Can move up to 50 metres only with the use of a manual aid.
e. Can move up to 50 metres only with the use of a manual wheelchair propelled by the claimant.
f. Can move up to 50 metres only with the use of an assisted aid.
g. Cannot either–
(i) move around at all or
(ii) transfer from one seated position to an adjacent one unaided.
What the rules mean
aid or appliance - a device to improve either a physical or mental function or both. It includes a prosthesis but does not include an aid or appliance ordinarily used by a person without a physical or mental condition which limits that person’s ability to carry out daily living or mobility activities;
assistance - physical intervention by another person
assisted aid - a wheelchair propelled by another person or an aid or appliance propelled by a motor;
bathe - take a bath or a shower;
(a) determine how much money is required to purchase food and drink
(b) assess the availability of the money referred to in (a) and
(c) purchase online, by telephone or in a shop
continual - throughout the entire duration of the activity;
cook - heat food at or above waist height
communicate - convey and understand information in the claimant’s native language
(a) support from a person trained to communicate with people with limited communication abilities: or
(b) use of an aid or appliance
(a) which involves more than one mode of transport; or
(b) to an unfamiliar destination
(a) comb or brush one’s hair
(b) wash one’s hair; and
(c) clean one’s teeth, above a level of self-neglect
intermittent - for at least half the duration of the activity
level of self-neglect - a level that is considered socially unacceptable
manage incontinence - manage evacuation of the bowel or bladder including using a collecting device or self-catheterisation but not clean after evacuation
manage medication - take medication at the time advised by a healthcare professional
manual aid - an aid or appliance other than a wheelchair or an aid or appliance propelled by a motor.
medication - prescribed medication
mode of transport - includes walking
(a) detect significant changes in a health condition; and
(b) take action advised by a healthcare professional,
without which the health condition is likely to deteriorate significantly
plan - in the context of food, means determine what food and drink the claimant reasonably requires and, where the claimant’s physical or mental condition requires a specific diet, determine what food and drink is required for that diet
prepare - in the context of food, means the activities required to make food ready for cooking or eating
prescribed therapies - therapies prescribed by a healthcare professional to be carried out at home.
prompt - remind or encourage and references to prompting are to prompting by another person
(a) which involves only one mode of transport; or
(b) to a familiar destination
simple meal - means a cooked, one course meal for one using fresh or frozen ingredients
snack - an uncooked meal using fresh or pre-prepared ingredients
(a) cut food into pieces
(b) convey food or drink to one’s mouth; and
(c) chew and swallow food or drink; or
(d) take nutrition by using a therapeutic source
therapeutic source - means parental or enteral tube feeding using a rate limiting device such as a feed pump;
(a) get on and off the toilet; and
(b) clean oneself after using the toilet; and
(a) the use of an aid or appliance; or
(b) assistance or prompting
wash - means clean one’s face, hands and underarms above a level of self-neglect.
Where can I get more help or information?
You can view draft regulations for PIP on the DWP website at http://tinyurl.com/67a88qp.
You can view information on the Welfare Reform Bill at www.disabilityalliance.org/welfarereformbill.htm.
9 May 2011
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